Mechanism for operating electric motors and controlling the speed of devices actuated thereby.



N0.,782,593. PATENTED FEB. 14, 1905;

0.0. BRITSGH. MECHANISM FOR OPERATING ELECTRIC MOTORS AND CONTROLLING THE SPEED OF DEVICES AGTUATED IHEREBY.

APPLICATION rnnnn'y'ls. 1904.

s sung-SHEET 1.

110.782.593. PATENTED FEB.14,1905.

. 0. C. BRITSGH.

MECHANISM FOR OPERATING ELECTRIC MOTORS AND CONTROLLING THE SPEED OF DEVICES AGTUATED THEREBY.

Arruzumfi FILED MAY 16. 1904.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

-No. 782,593. I P'ATENTED FEB.14,1905. 0. c. BRITSOH.

' MECHANISM FOR OPERATING ELECTRIC MOTORS AND OONTROEEING.

THE SPEED OF DEVICES AUTUATED THEREBY.

APPLIOATION FILED MAY 16. 1904.

' 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

W: E5555 -l \/E "13 2@zZL/5 4 TTY F FV UNJTED i. STATES ArnivT' QEFIfiE-L.

oTTo o. 'BRITsGI-i, or MASPETH, NEW roan. ASSIGNOR ToInAvin WALD.

or NEW YORK, N. Y, i

MECHANISM FOR OPERATING ELECTRIC MOTORS AND CONTROLLING THE SPEEDOF DEV CES ACTUATED THEREBYI Q ,SPECIFICATION formingpart ofLetters Patent 0. 782,593, dated lfebruary 14, 1905.

Application filed. May 16, 1904. SerialN o. 208L107.- i i T0 11]] whom Iii/may concern:

Be it known that I, OTTO (1.. Bm'rson, a citizen of the United States, residing at Maspeth, county of Queens, State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Mechanism for Operating Electric Motors and Controlling the Speed of Devices Actuated Thereby, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to mechanism foropcrating electric motors and controlling the speed of devices actuated thereby, and in carrying out the same I employ in combination with a motor and a suitable support therefor a rocking lever pivotally connected to the motor-frame and adapted to be actuatedby the foot of the operator through the means of a suitable treadle or otherwise,- means actuated upon the'rocking.movementof the said lever for closing the electric circuit to the motor, means also actuated by the rocking movement of said lever and according to the extent of said movement to regulatethespeed of devices driven by the motor, and means upon the release "of the treadle by the operator for returning said parts to or toward an initial position for breaking the circuit to themotor and stopping the devices driven by the motor independentlyof the motor-shaft. In the drawings, Figure l isa side elevation of the devices comprising my present invention; and Fig. 2 is a plan view of, the same, taken at right angles thereto. front elevationshowing the parts with the regulating-lever removed, and is a similar view with the rocking lever in position. Figs. 5. 6, and 7, are respectively an end elevation and opposite sideelevations of the pulley, and Fig. 8 is a cross-section on the dotted line J ;I of Fig. 6. Fig. Qrepresents a section of amodifiedformof clutch, and Figs. 10 and 11 are diagrammatic views of-the electric cir cuits. 1

(1 represents a motor-frame which is pro-- vided with suitable brackets 1/. by means ofwhi'ch the motor-frame is secured to its sup-- port.

Fig; 3 is a" will be hereinafter described.

a (4 represen th [50111113418 forum-mow? armature-shaft, and a represents a suitable cap through which circuit-wires are brought to the motor.

At one side the motor-frame is provided with a casingl, and I employa rocking lever I I), mounted pivotally on apiri 7), seeured inthe casing 1, The free end of the rocking lever b is provided with an opening by means of whlch the same isc'onn'ected to 'a treadle or other device adapted tobe operated by foot power througha connecting-rod c. The casing 1 is also provided .with'a lug .2, in which oneend ofa spring a i's'seeured, the opposite end of the spring 0' being fixed ina bracket f on the inner sideof the free end of'thc rocking lever Z). The function of thesaidspring is to raise this end of the rocking lever,

The opposite end of the rocking lever I is provided with a bracket (Z, having a downward projection-(2', at theend of which secured, by means of screws a, a wedge-plate I;

The'upper surface of the bracket (1 isprovided with set-scrws-3,the function of which A screw passes vertically through the lug 2 directly beneath the free end of the lever 'l) and waicli in its lowered position contacts with this end of the screw, so that in one direction the extent of the mvement'of the lever is'li'mited according to t 1e position-in which the screw 1: is set, and thewedge-plate is laterally adjustable by means of a screw'rl As hereinbefore stated, the free end of the rocking lever bis provided on the inner side with the bracket f. and the casing l is pru lvided, with a pl'atcf". by meansof. which a suitable shieldfnot shownlznlapted to cover theparts may be connected to the using.

represents an arm pivoted at 5 at onceml thereof in the casing l .andat the opposite end provided-with a carbon or other terminal 1', secured. therein by means of a screw 7 or otherwise, and the pivotalpoiin. 5 is electric.- ally connected tothe terminal ,l employ a block preferably of insulating material is adapted to bear on the face tact-With the .under side of" the and to con ermjaatr-thepoint adjacent to its fulcrum.

d'supperts the arm 7: in the position shown ,',F'1g and-4. The casing l is also pro- .irided; I fa small plate'6,-and by this plate arid a.,spring. h fig i fl fthiflpper reduced end of the block g. Direcfilybeneath -the contact 71 I ;employ a carbonpr: other contact 2'', secured ableterminalfi :by a screw .9 or otherwise.

represents a pulley provided centrally th a circumferential semicircular groove Z1. This pulley-7c is preferably cast hollow and the-hub Z 'fither'eof is'lined with suitahlebush;

ngs 10 and; 11.

- hare-preferably.inturned'and terminateat a re d 4 rq e r c llyopi s Z beingwpreferably'flatte sidegnnd against one of these oneLedgeof the block 12 contacts.

. d-at opposite At'the opposite" side thepulley his,v provided-with a recess itadapted to be covered by'a' suitable platen: The plate 15 isprovi ded (centrally with fan; openiiigt through which passes "a button m "The button m is f .provided withia itransversereces's and an-i-nclined surface .16,

.i'leadin'g "therefrom to'the outer. portion-of the; I button}. and'the end of the button ifisrecessed" to receive a's'ma'll steel ballm'. ftion with'thef pulley I employ aln connecrod a, passing longitudinally through the same and provided atone end; with afi-ngenn, which'passes through-.therecess 14 and into the transverse recess' inth d of thebutton in and is nor- "-p OSil]i0D within the bottom of by'means of a spring 0. The opween the inturned ends of the spring l; The pulley may be packed with wick 17 oro'ther suitable material adapted to be saturatedjwith oi l ..for lubricating purposes, and at one side the said pulleyis also provided with an opening 18 and oil-button 19,9. spring 20, and a screw-plug 21, the spring 20 maintaining the butto'n'l'9 'in position in its socket.

; 'Themotor-armatureshaft is provided .with

and the said. shaft is.

azcup shaped sleeve 0',

adapted to receive the pulley L with its attachments, in such position that the spring 1 fits' within the cup-shaped sleeve 0 and the ,wedge plate 6 incontact with the ball m.

Thebracketd is provided with a brakeblock 'g, situated when the pulley is'in position immediately above the circumferential groove is therein. This brake-block g is secured in position within the bracket d by means of l;l(l the upper end to pass through-the plate' b the arm lzfis normally held drop by gravity,

in a suitaof'and causes the I button m-inward. ,This' actionicausesthe fin- At one side of the pulley'k a flat split spring 1 is secured by a "suitable' block 12 and screw 13. The ends ofv the spring,

theblock 12, the

flattened sidesjo'fthe rod n is'flatte'ned and is screws 3 and may be adjusted to any desired height within its limits by means of adjusting-screws 9 passing throughthe top of the racket. i v Normally the parts are in the position indicated in the drawingsgand -now'it is believed that it will be readily apparent that by depressing the treadle and lowering the free end of the rocking lever t, through the connecting-rode, thatthe-block g and arm It will the arm It being loweredsufficiently to allow the carbon in its .free end to come in contact with the carbon a", secured in the terminal 8', thereby completing the cir-" 'c'uit to the motor. The lowering of the free end of.-the lever b raises the opposite end there wedge-plate e to force the ger n. to ride upon theinchne'dface 16 against' the action "of the spring 0, thereby imparting a turning movement to the rod n, causing its flattened end 12 to force the parts of the'spring Z apart, in which position said parts of the of the cupspringZ-engagethe inner surface shapedsleeve 0 an bind the pulley to-the said cup-shaped sleeve nd through thesame to'the armature-shaft. The rope or belt employed to drive the devices actuated "by the motor passes around the pulley in the circumferentiaFgroova-and' it is believed that it 'will'also be apparent-that the speed imparted-- thereto will be dependent upon the distance the trea- .d-le ,has raised'the downwa'rd projection d,-

- connected to the rocking lever'b. The greater the downward m vement of the treadle the 'greater thelift of'the projection d and plate e, and consequently the tighter the grip brought to bear between the surfaces or parts of the spring Z and the inner surface of the cup-shaped sleeved.

In Fig. 9, 22 represents the motor-armature shaft, to which is secured aflange 23 by means ot'a screw 24. The flange 23 is provided with a circular groove, in which is set a washer 25,

of leatheror other suitable material. In this modification of'thein'vention the pulley is represented at 26, and one face thereof is adapted to contact with the surfaceof the washer 25,- against which it is'held by means ofthe wedgeplate a, through a. ball 172?, corresponding to the ball m .in the other figures. Y

In orderto bring the motor up to speed properly, 1 may employ a rocking-lever k pivotally connected'to the free end of the armh, as shown diagrammatically'in Figs. 10 and 11, in which 28 representsthe motor, a series motor being-shown in Fig. 10 and a shuntwound'motcr being shown in Fig. 11. When the lever b is employed, one end thereof is preferably provided with a contact 29 and the opposite end with the contact-30, and 'the'terminal 31 is connected to a terminal 33 by means of a resistance-coil 32, whichresistanceteases coil is preferably provided with .an-iron c 'ore 34'. In the operation of this apparatus the contact 30 first closes the circuit through the- "terminal.31 and the .resistancecoil 32, and

when the arm It is lowered suificiently the motor-circuit is completed directly through the contact 29 and terrtfinal 33', the iron core 3e be-.

ingemployedasan arc-extinguisher, it being well known in the art that an electrical-arc and its'armaturesshaft, of an oscillating-armand coactlngparts performing the functions of a switch to make and break the electric circuit to said motor, a lever pivoted in the motor-frame and adapted to be operated by footpowerand. actuating said arm, a clutch on the armatureshaft and means actuated by the movement'of the said lever for engagingand disengaging said clutch.

2. The combination with an electric motor and its armature-shaft, of 'a lever pivoted in said motor-frame and adapted to be ac'tuated by foot-power, a clutch on said shaft, means in connection with said lever and adapted to normally exert a pressure against the free member of .said clutch, means for normally -maintaining the lever in position with the aforesaid means performing its function, means actuated by the movement of said lever to engage and disengage the said clutch, and means controlled by a movement of said lever to make and break the electric circuit tothe motor.

3. The combination with an electric motor and its armature-shaft, of a lever pivoted in the motor-frame and adapted to beactuated by foot-power, electric terminals, an arm pivoted on one-of said terminals, a contact carried by saidarm and adapted to engage the,

other terminal, means for connecting said arm with said lever and means actuated'by the movement of said lever for connecting and disconnecting the said shaft with the devices driven by the motor.

4. Thecombination with an electric motor and its armature-shaft, of a lever pivoted in the motor-frame and adapted to be actuated by foot-power, electrical terminals, an arm pivoted on one of said terminals, a contact carried by said arm and adapted to engage the other terminal, a bracket integral with said lever, a block extending between said brake and said arm, meansfor maintaining said arm in a normal-position with the said contact away from the said terminal, and means actuated-by the movement of said lever for connecting and disconnecting the said shaft with the devices driven by the motor.

5,. The combination with an electric motor andits-armature-shaft, of a lever pivoted in said motor-frame and adaptedto be actuated by foot-power, a bracket integral with said lever, electrical terminals, an arm pivot-ed at one of said terminals, aconta'ct carried by said arm and adapted to be electrically connected to the other terminal, a block extending between said bracket and said arm. a

i \I 'i u a spring for normally maintaining said bracket and arm in such position that the said con tact and terminal are electrically disconnected, a spring for maintaining the said arm in position against the said block, and means actu ated bythe movement of said lever for connecting and disconnecting the said, shaft withthe'devic es driven by the motor. r

6. The combination with anelectric motor and its armature-shaft, of a lever pivoted in said motor-frame and adapted to be actuated by foot-power, a pulley loose on said shaft,

a cup-shaped sleeve fixed on said shaft, means in connection with said pulley'for frictionally engaging the saidcup-shaped sleeve, means actuated by a-movement of said lever for actuatingthe aforesaid means, and means controlled by a movement of the-said lever for making and breaking the 'eiectric circuit to the motor.

7 The combination with an electric motor andits armature-shaft, of a lever pivot'ed in the motor-frame and adapted to be actuated by foot-power, a pulley loose on said shaft, a cu p-shaped sleeve fixed on said shaft, a split spring fixed on said pulley, means actuated by the movement of said lever for spreading the parts of said spring causing the same to engage the said cup-shaped-sleeve, and means controlled bya movement ofv said lever in making and breaking the eleetric circuit to the motor.. v

8. The combination with an electric motor and its armature-shaft, of a lever pivoted in said motor-frame and adapted to be actuated by foot-power, a pulley loose on said shaft, a cup-shaped sleeve fixed on said shaft, adivided spring secured in'one side of said pulley, a rod passing longitudinally through said pulley and adapted at one end to engage the said spring at its dividedfiportion, a finger fixed on the other end of said rod,.means for maintaining said rod and fingerin a normal position, means actuated by a movement of said lever for moving the said finger and rod to spread the parts of said spring, and means controlled by a movement of the said lever in making and breaking the circuit to the motor.

9. Thecombina'tion with an electric motor adapted at one end to engage the said spring in its divided portion, a finger on the opposite end of said rod, a button placed centrally in the side of the-pulley opposite the said spring and having a recess therein, a finger fixed in said rod and extending into and through the 'recess injsaid button, means for normally maintaining said rod and finger in position, a: bearing-ball fixed in theouter end of said button, a wedge-plate carried by saidlever and.

adapted at oneend to engage the said spring in its divided portion", atinger on the opposite end of saidrod, a button placed centrally in the side of the pulley opposite the said spring and having a recess therein, a finger fixed in said rod and extending into and through the recessin said button, means fornormally maintaining said rod and linger in position, a bearing-ball fixed in the outer end of said button, a Wedg e-plate carried by said lever and adapted upon the movement of said lever to press the said button to actuate the said spring through the said rod and linger, an arm pivoted in said motor-frame, a connection be-- tween said arm and said lever, a contact carried at the end or said arm, an eiectric terminal secured in said frame, a springi'or normall y maintaining said arm against said connection wherebya movement of the said lever causes the making and breaking of the electric circuit to the motor through said contact and terminal.

11. The combination with an electric motor and its armature-shaft, of a lever pivoted in the motor-frame'and adapted to be actuated by foot--poiver, means for adjustably limiting the movement imparted to said lever, a clutch e on'sajd shaft, means controlled by the movement of said lever to make and break the electric circuit to said motor, and means actuated by the movement of said lever for en gaging and disengaging said clutch.

12. The combination with an electric motor and its armature-shaft, of a lever pivoted in said motor-frame and adapted to be actuated by foot-power, means for adjustably limiting the movement imparted to said lever, a clutch on said shaft, means in connection with said lever and adapted to normally exert a pressure against the free member of said clutch, means for normally maintaining the lever in position with the aforesaid means performing ceases its function, means-actuated by the-movement of said lever to engage and disengagethef sa d clutch, and means controlled by a movement; of said lever to make and break the electric circuit to the motor.

13. The combination with an electric motor and its armature shaft, of alever pivotedin said motor-frame and adapted to be actuated by foot-power, a screw adjustably mounted to limit the movement imparted to said lever, a' bracket integral with said lever, electrical terminals, an arm pivoted at one of said terminals, a contact carried by saidarm and adapt-i ed to be electrically connected to the otlier tel-,

' minal, a block extending between said bracket and said arm a spring for normally maintaining said bracket and arm in such position that the said contact and terminal are electrically disconnected, a spring for maintaining the said arm in position against the said block, and means actuated by the movement of said lever' for connecting and disconnecting the said shaft with the devices driven by the motor.

14. The combination with an electric motor and its armature-shaft, of a lever pivoted in said motor-frame and adapted to be actuated by foot-power, means for adjustably limiting the movement imparted to said lever, a pulley loose on said shaft, a cup-shaped sleeve fixed on said shaft, means in connection with said pulley for frictionally engaging the said cup-shaped sleeve, means actuated by a movemeut of said lever for actuating the aforesaid means, and'means controlled by a movement of the said lever for making and breaking the electric circuit to the motor.

15. The combination with an electric motor and its armature-shaft, of a lever pivoted in the motor-frame and adapted to be actuated by foot-power, means for adjustably limiting the movement imparted to said lever, a pulley loose on said shaft, a cup-shaped sleeve fixed on said shaft, a split spring h'xed on said pulley, means actuated by the movement of said lever for spreading the parts of said spring causing the same to engage the said cup-shaped sleeve, and means controlled by a movement of said lever-in making and breaking the electric circuit to the motor.

16. The combination with an electric motor and its armature-shaft, of a lever pivoted in said motor-frame and adapted to be actuated by foot-power, a screw ad justably mounted to limit the movement imparted to said lever, a.

pulley loose on said shaft, a cup-shaped sleeve fixed on said shaft, a divided spring secured on one side of said pulley, a rod passing l0ngitudinally through said pulley and adapted at one end to engage the said spring in its divided portion, a finger on the opposite end of said rod, a buttonplaced centrally in the side of the pulley oppositethe said spring and having a recess therein, stinger fixed in said rod mid extendingintoi 91nd through the recess in said button, means for normally maintaining said rod andfingerin positipn, a. beaming-ball fixed in the outer endot' said but fison,aiwedge-v plate carried bysaid lever and-adapted upon,

iahe movement of said lever to press the sail )utton to actuatethelsa-id'sprii lg zhroagh the @aid rod" and-finger, an arm pivoted in s'aid m0- tor-fmnie, a connectioh between said arm and said lever; a contact carried at the end of said-- arm; an electric terminal secured'in said-frame;

;()TT@ 6. BRjTSCHS Witnesses;

G1 0. T PINCKNEY, S, T; l'iAYILAH-D.

w 7 NA 

